Endometruim is a normal lining of the uterus and a healthy lining is essential for proper implantation and growth of the embryo. Sometimes this endometruim abnormally grows from the inner lining of the uterus to outside of the uterus and also seen in ovaries, bowel and pelvis. This displaced tissue is known as Endometeriosis and due to hormones continues to act as a normal endometruim which with each menstrual cycle thickens, breaks down and bleeds. Since it cannot be expelled from the body it forms painful cysts in the ovaries and uterus causes scaring and adhesion leading to infertility.
Treatment in early cases is conservative with painkillers, hormonal treatment and conservative surgery. Continued infertile cases are offered IVF.